Why is my blood pressure high at the doctors but not at home?

You could have white coat hypertension. This condition occurs when blood pressure readings at a health care provider's office are higher than they are in other settings, such as at home. It's called white coat hypertension because people who measure blood pressure sometimes wear white coats.

mayoclinic.org - White coat hypertension: When blood pressure rises in a medical setting

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My blood pressure is always higher in a medical setting than it is at home. Why is this? Answer From Francisco Lopez-Jimenez, M.D. You could have white coat hypertension. This condition occurs when blood pressure readings at a health care provider's office are higher than they are in other settings, such as at home. It's called white coat hypertension because people who measure blood pressure sometimes wear white coats. It was once thought that white coat hypertension was caused by the stress that appointments with a health care provider can create. If blood pressure returned to optimal after the appointment, the temporarily raised blood pressure wasn't considered a problem. However, some care providers think that white coat hypertension can be a problem. It might mean a risk of developing high blood pressure as a long-term condition. People with white coat hypertension might also have a higher risk of developing certain cardiovascular problems and damage to some organs, compared with people who have steady, optimal blood pressure. The same might be true for people who have masked hypertension. That means their blood pressure is OK at the care provider's office, but it can spike when measured in other settings. It's thought that even these temporary increases in blood pressure could develop into a long-term problem. If you have white coat hypertension, talk to your health care provider about monitoring your condition at home. Your provider might ask you to wear a device (ambulatory blood pressure monitor) to track your blood pressure for up to 24 hours. This measures blood pressure during activity and at rest. It can help determine if your high blood pressure needs treatment.

With Francisco Lopez-Jimenez, M.D.

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What are three things that can affect blood pressure readings?

The top 10 risk factors for high blood pressure include: Being overweight or obese. Too much salt (sodium) in your diet. Too little potassium in your diet. Not being physically active. Drinking too much alcohol.

ucsfhealth.org - Risk Factors for High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) - UCSF Health

The top 10 risk factors for high blood pressure include:

Being overweight or obese

The more you weigh the more blood flow you need to supply oxygen and nutrients to your tissues. As the volume of blood circulated through your blood vessels increases, so does the pressure inside your arteries.

Too much salt (sodium) in your diet

Too much sodium in your diet can cause your body to retain fluid, and also causes the arteries in your body to constrict. Both factors increase blood pressure.

Too little potassium in your diet

Potassium helps balance the amount of sodium in your cells. Potassium causes the smooth muscle cells in your arteries to relax, which lowers blood pressure.

Not being physically active

Exercise increases blood flow through all arteries of the body, which leads to release of natural hormones and cytokines that relax blood vessels, which in turn lowers blood pressure. Lack of physical activity also increases the risk of being overweight.

Drinking too much alcohol

Having more than two drinks per day can cause hypertension, probably by activating your adrenergic nervous system, causing constriction of blood vessels and simultaneous increase in blood flow and heart rate.

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