Which cancers do not spread?

A benign tumor means the tumor can grow but will not spread. Some types of cancer do not form a tumor. These include leukemias, most types of lymphoma, and myeloma.

cancer.net - What is Cancer?

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Cancer is a group of more than 100 different diseases. It can develop almost anywhere in the body.

How cancer begins

Cells are the basic units that make up the human body. Cells grow and divide to make new cells as the body needs them. Usually, cells die when they get too old or damaged. Then, new cells take their place. Cancer begins when genetic changes interfere with this orderly process. Cells start to grow uncontrollably. These cells may form a mass called a tumor. A tumor can be cancerous or benign. A cancerous tumor is malignant, meaning it can grow and spread to other parts of the body. A benign tumor means the tumor can grow but will not spread. Some types of cancer do not form a tumor. These include leukemias, most types of lymphoma, and myeloma.

Types of cancer

Doctors divide cancer into types based on where it begins. Four main types of cancer are: There are many other types of cancer. Learn more about these other types of cancer.

How cancer spreads

As a cancerous tumor grows, the bloodstream or lymphatic system may carry cancer cells to other parts of the body. During this process, the cancer cells grow and may develop into new tumors. This is known as metastasis. One of the first places a cancer often spreads is to the lymph nodes. Lymph nodes are tiny, bean-shaped organs that help fight infection. They are located in clusters in different parts of the body, such as the neck, groin area, and under the arms. Cancer may also spread through the bloodstream to distant parts of the body. These parts may include the bones, liver, lungs, or brain. Even if the cancer spreads, it is still named for the area where it began. For example, if breast cancer spreads to the lungs, it is called metastatic breast cancer, not lung cancer. Watch a brief video about how cancer begins and spreads to other parts of the body.

Video used with permission from BioDigital Systems. Read a full-text transcript.

Diagnosing cancer

Often, a diagnosis begins when a person visits a doctor about an unusual symptom. The doctor will talk with the person about his or her medical history and symptoms. Then the doctor will do various tests to find out the cause of these symptoms. But many people with cancer have no symptoms. For these people, cancer is diagnosed during a medical test for another issue or condition. Sometimes a doctor finds cancer after a screening test in an otherwise healthy person. Examples of screening tests include colonoscopy, mammography, and a Pap test. A person may need more tests to confirm or disprove the result of the screening test. For most cancers, a biopsy is the only way to make a definite diagnosis. A biopsy is the removal of a small amount of tissue for further study. Learn more about making a diagnosis after a biopsy.

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What percentage of cancers are survivable?

The 5-year survival rate for lung cancer when the disease is localized to one lung is about 60%. ... The 5-year survival rates for lung cancer chart. Lung cancer spread/status Survival rate Overall 17% Spread to both lungs 54% Spread to nearby organs or lymph nodes 27% Spread to distant organs such as the liver 4%

medicinenet.com - What Is the Most Survivable Cancer? Lung Cancer Chart - MedicineNet

What are the survival rates for each stage of lung cancer?

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

NSCLC is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for 80-90% of the cases. The 5-year survival rates for NSCLC are:

Stage I Stage IA: 59-73% Stage IB: 43-58%

Stage II Stage IIA: 36-46% Stage IIB: 25-36%

Stage III Stage IIIA: 19-24% Stage IIIB: 7-9%

Stage IV 2-13% Survival rates of stage IV NSCLC are extremely low.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC)

SCLC makes up about 20% of all lung cancer cases and typically occurs in people who smoke or who used to smoke. The cancer forms in the airway, usually in a central location. SCLC is aggressive, spreading quickly throughout the body using the blood and lymphatic (lymph node) systems. The 5-year survival rates for SCLC are:

Stage I Stage IA: 40% Stage IB: 20%

Stage II Stage IIA: 40% Stage IIB: 20%

Stage III Stage IIIA: 15% Stage IIIB: 10%

Stage IV 1% Lung cancer tends to get diagnosed only in the late stages. At stage IV, cancer has usually already metastasized to a great extent. In general, people diagnosed with NSCLC tend to have a slightly better outlook than people with SCLC. Most people who die of lung cancer are middle-aged or older, and the percentage of lung cancer deaths is the highest among people 65-74 years of age. Overall health can also make a difference. For example, staying physically active and avoiding tobacco smoke after lung cancer treatment can lower the risk of cancer recurrence, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Though lung cancer remains an extremely deadly type of cancer, there is great hope on the horizon to reduce the fatalities associated with this disease.

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