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What stimulates urine production?

study.com - Hormones Involved in Urine Production - Study.com

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Antidiuretic Hormone

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, is secreted by the posterior pituitary in response to dehydration or a drop in blood volume that stimulates water retention by making the kidney nephrons, or filtering units, more permeable to water. This goal is achieved by increasing the number of water channels in the nephron's collecting duct, known as aquaporins. This mechanism drives water reabsorption into the blood, hence increasing blood volume and pressure, and reestablishing homeostasis. Interestingly, once water gets reabsorbed, urine output decreases and turns out more concentrated as it leaves the kidneys, and ultimately the body. In contrast, if the body is adequately hydrated, ADH release drops, and aquaporin numbers in the collecting duct decrease. This results in less water retention and produces a large volume of diluted urine.

Aldosterone

Also, in an effort to maintain blood volume and pressure, aldosterone is another hormone that works alongside ADH that's released by the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone is also known as the salt-retaining hormone. It stimulates sodium retention and potassium excretion if sodium levels get too low, or if potassium levels are higher than normal. When the kidney retains sodium, water will follow. For this reason, the end result of this hormone's action is an increase in blood sodium concentration all while promoting water retention. This will inevitably increase blood volume and pressure.

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide

In response to an increase in blood pressure, the heart secretes an atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) to lower blood pressure. ANP promotes sodium and water excretion into the urine, therefore reducing blood volume and pressure. Specifically, it inhibits the effects of the two hormones discussed earlier (ADH and aldosterone).

Parathyroid Hormone & Calcitonin

The kidneys also help regulate blood calcium levels by controlling calcium excretion through the urine. A calcium deficiency, or hypocalcemia, stimulates the release of parathyroid hormone (PTH) by the parathyroid glands. PTH acts on the kidneys to increase calcium reabsorption into the blood and inhibits the reabsorption of phosphate into the blood. By getting rid of phosphate from the blood, calcium levels can freely increase since less calcium is bound as calcium phosphate.

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webmd.com - Flomax Oral: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures ... - WebMD

Read the Patient Information Leaflet if available from your pharmacist before you start taking this medication and each time you get a refill. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist. Take this medication by mouth as directed by your doctor, usually once daily, 30 minutes after the same meal each day. Swallow this medication whole. Do not crush, chew, or open the capsules.

The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment.

Tamsulosin may cause a sudden drop in your blood pressure, which could lead to dizziness or fainting. This risk is higher when you first start taking this drug, after your doctor increases your dose, or if you restart treatment after you stop taking it. During these times, avoid situations where you may be injured if you faint. Take this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time each day. If you have not taken this drug for several days, contact your doctor to see if you need to be restarted at a lower dose. It may take up to 4 weeks before your symptoms improve. Tell your doctor if your condition does not improve or if it worsens.

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