What is zinc sulphate used to treat?

Zinc sulfate is a drug used to replenish low levels of zinc or prevent zinc deficiency, or to test for zinc deficiency. Zinc sulfate is the inorganic compound with the formula ZnSO4 and historically known as "white vitriol".

go.drugbank.com - Zinc sulfate: Uses, Interactions, Mechanism of Action - DrugBank

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Zinc sulfate is the inorganic compound with the formula ZnSO4 and historically known as "white vitriol". It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, a list of the most important medication needed in a basic health system. Zinc sulfate is a drug used to replenish low levels of zinc or prevent zinc deficiency, or to test for zinc deficiency.

Indication

This medication is a mineral used to treat or prevent low levels of zinc alone and together with oral rehydration therapy (ORT). It is also used as a topical astringent. Zinc Sulfate Injection, USP is indicated for use as a supplement to intravenous solutions given for TPN. Reduce drug development failure rates Build, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets. See how Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets. See how

Associated Conditions

Associated Therapies

Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings

Pharmacodynamics

Zinc has been identified as a cofactor for over 70 different enzymes, including alkaline phosphatase, lactic dehydrogenase and both RNA and DNA polymerase. Zinc facilitates wound healing, helps maintain normal growth rates, normal skin hydration and the senses of taste and smell.

Mechanism of action

Zinc inhibits cAMP-induced, chloride-dependent fluid secretion by inhibiting basolateral potassium (K) channels, in in-vitro studies with rat ileum. This study has also shown the specificity of Zn to cAMP-activated K channels, because zinc did not block the calcium (Ca)-mediated K channels. As this study was not performed in Zn-deficient animals, it provides evidence that Zn is probably effective in the absence of Zn deficiency. Zinc also improves the absorption of water and electrolytes, improves regeneration of the intestinal epithelium, increases the levels of brush border enzymes, and enhances the immune response, allowing for a better clearance of the pathogens.

Absorption

Approximately 20 to 30% of dietary zinc is absorbed, primarily from the duodenum and ileum. The amount absorbed is dependent on the bioavailability from food. Zinc is the most bioavailable from red meat and oysters. Phytates may impair absorption by chelation and formation of insoluble complexes at an alkaline pH. After absorption, zinc is bound in the intestine to the protein metallothionein. Endogenous zinc can be reabsorbed in the ileum and colon, creating an enteropancreatic circulation of zinc.

Volume of distribution

After absorption zinc is bound to protein metallothionein in the intestines. Zinc is widely distributed throughout the body. It is primarily stored in RBCs, WBCs, muscles, bones, Skin, Kidneys, Liver, Pancreas, retina, and prostate.

Protein binding

Zinc is 60% bound to albumin; 30 to 40% bound to alpha-2 macroglobulin or transferrin; and 1% bound to amino acids, primarily histidine and cysteine.

Metabolism

Not Available

Route of elimination

Primarily fecal (approximately 90%); to a lesser extent in the urine and in perspiration.

Half-life

3 hours

Clearance

Not Available

Toxicity

Human : TDLo ( Oral) 45mg/kg/7D-C : Normocytic anemia, pulse rate increase without fall inBP Human: TDLo (oral) 106mg/kg : Hypermotylity, diarrhea Mouse ; LD50 Oral : 245mg/kg Mouse : LD50 : subcutaneous : 781mg/kg

Pathways

Not Available

Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs

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Have to pee every 2 hours at night?

Drinking too much fluid during the evening can cause you to urinate more often during the night. Caffeine and alcohol after dinner can also lead to this problem. Other common causes of urination at night include: Infection of the bladder or urinary tract.

medlineplus.gov - Urinating more at night: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia

Drinking too much fluid during the evening can cause you to urinate more often during the night. Caffeine and alcohol after dinner can also lead to this problem.

Other common causes of urination at night include:

Infection of the bladder or urinary tract

Drinking a lot of alcohol, caffeine, or other fluids before bedtime

Enlarged prostate gland (benign prostatic hyperplasia, BPH)

Pregnancy

Other conditions that can lead to the problem include:

Chronic kidney failure

Diabetes

Drinking excessive amount of water

Heart failure

High blood calcium level

Certain medicines, including water pills (diuretics)

Diabetes insipidus

Swelling of the legs

Waking often during the night to urinate can also be linked to obstructive sleep apnea and other sleeping disorders. Nocturia may go away when the sleeping problem is under control. Stress and restlessness can also cause you to wake up at night.

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