What are the top 3 causes of kidney failure?

The most common causes are: high blood pressure. chronic glomerulonephritis (kidney damage) high blood sugar (diabetes)

urologyhealth.org - Kidney (Renal) Failure - Symptoms - Causes - Urology Care Foundation

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To treat AKI, you have to treat the cause (such as blood pressure that is too high or too low, a kidney stone or high blood sugar). Sometimes you need dialysis for a short time. With CKD, treating the cause (such as high blood pressure and/or high blood sugar) can slow the disease. The goal is to prevent CKD from turning into advanced kidney disease, or end stage kidney disease (ESKD, formerly known as end stage renal disease, ESRD). When kidney function falls below 10% of normal, dialysis or a kidney transplant is usually needed, especially if you have signs of uremia (a buildup of waste in the blood), like nausea, loss of appetite, weight loss and itching.

Dialysis

Dialysis is a way to remove extra salt, acid, potassium and waste products from the blood. The 2 types of dialysis are hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Hemodialysis: For hemodialysis, a tube (catheter) is stuck into one of the veins in your neck or leg. Preferably, an access, or arteriovenous fistula, is constructed in the arm. Hemodialysis is most often done 3 times a week for 3 to 4 hours at a time. Peritoneal dialysis: Peritoneal dialysis is done through a tube permanently set in your belly. Fluid is then run into the abdomen, takes out the extra salt and potassium and water, and then removed. Most exchanges of fluid can be done by an automated “exchanger” while you sleep. Most adults have dialysis done in an outpatient hemodialysis center. Most children have peritoneal dialysis done at home. Peritoneal dialysis has a number of advantages and is becoming more frequently used in adults in the US.

Kidney Transplant

A kidney transplant is when a surgeon puts a healthier kidney from another person into your body. Kidney transplant is the best way to treat many patients with end stage kidney disease. Kidneys for transplant come from people who have agreed to donate their kidneys when they die (deceased donors) or donated by healthy people (living donors). Living donors are most often family members of the patient. There is a shorter wait time to surgery for a transplant from a living donor. (This is because there is a waiting list for kidneys from deceased donors and not enough donors.) Also, patients with kidneys donated by living donors live longer (and the kidneys last longer) than those with kidneys from deceased donors or who just stay on dialysis. With modern medical techniques, the living kidney donor doesn't need to be a blood family member to get a good result. About 90,000 patients are on the wait list for deceased donor kidney transplants in the U.S. But only 10,000 deceased donor kidney transplants are done each year due to the lack of donated kidneys. Another 6,000 kidney transplants are done each year from living kidney donors.

More Information

To learn more about kidney health, check out the below resources:

National Kidney Foundation (NKF)

American Association of Kidney Patients (AAKP)

American Kidney Fund (AKF)

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How can I improve my kidney function fast?

Avoid processed foods and choose fresh fruits and vegetables instead. Follow a low-salt diet. Salt should be limited especially if you have high blood pressure, protein in your urine, or swelling, or difficulty breathing. Eating less than 2000 mg a day of sodium is recommended.

kidney.org - Can my GFR get better? - National Kidney Foundation

It may. Eating well and regular exercise are good habits for overall health and kidney health and are a great way to take control of your health.

Food choices can affect kidney health

Avoid processed foods and choose fresh fruits and vegetables instead.

Follow a low-salt diet . Salt should be limited especially if you have high blood pressure, protein in your urine, or swelling, or difficulty breathing. Eating less than 2000 mg a day of sodium is recommended. low-salt diet Limit protein if you have moderate-to-advanced kidney disease (not on dialysis). A high-protein diet, which is popular for losing weight, maybe safe for people with normal kidneys but can put a strain on poorly functioning kidneys to rid the body’s protein waste. However, a diet too low in protein can cause loss of muscle and make you frail. Many healthcare professionals recommend the Dash Diet, however, it is important to discuss your individual nutrition needs with your healthcare professional or dietitian before starting a diet.

Exercise may help kidney health

Being active and having a healthy body weight is also important to kidney health. Some studies show kidney function improves with exercise. Talk with your healthcare professional or dietitian if you need to lose weight.

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