What antibiotic is given after a cystoscopy?

Class Summary. The recommended antibiotic prophylaxis includes a single dose of either a fluoroquinolone or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Alternatively, an aminoglycoside (with or without ampicillin), a first- or second-generation cephalosporin, or amoxicillin-clavulanate may be administered.

emedicine.medscape.com - Cystoscopy Medication: Local Anesthetics, Amides, Antibiotics

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Class Summary

The recommended antibiotic prophylaxis includes a single dose of either a fluoroquinolone or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Alternatively, an aminoglycoside (with or without ampicillin), a first- or second-generation cephalosporin, or amoxicillin-clavulanate may be administered. Patients with negative urine cultures and those without any of these risk factors do not need antibiotic prophylaxis before cystourethroscopy. Trimethoprim blocks dihydrofolate reductase, and sulfamethoxazole inhibits bacterial synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by competing with para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). These are 2 sequential steps in bacterial biosynthesis of nucleic acids and proteins. This agent is available in single- and double-strength form. In adults, it is most commonly taken in pill form, although a liquid suspension is available. A derivative of pyridine carboxylic acid with a broad-spectrum bactericidal effect, levofloxacin penetrates the prostate well and is effective against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis. Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone with activity against pseudomonads, streptococci, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus epidermidis, and most gram-negative organisms, but no activity against anaerobes. It inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis and, consequently, growth. It diffuses into prostatic fluid and is indicated for chronic prostatitis. Ampicillin has bactericidal activity against susceptible organisms. It is an alternative to amoxicillin when the patient is unable to take medication orally. Amoxicillin is an ampicillin analogue with broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against many gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Cefuroxime is a second-generation cephalosporin that maintains the gram-positive activity of the first-generation cephalosporins and adds activity against Proteus mirabilis, Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. The condition of patient, the severity of the infection, and the susceptibility of the microorganism determine the proper dose and route of administration. Cefprozil binds to 1 or more of the penicillin-binding proteins, and this binding, in turn, inhibits cell wall synthesis and results in bactericidal activity. Cephalexin is a first-generation cephalosporin that arrests bacterial growth by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It has bactericidal activity against rapidly growing organisms. The primary activity of cephalexin is against skin flora; the drug is used for skin infections or prophylaxis in minor procedures. Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic for gram-negative coverage of bacteria, including Pseudomonas species. It is synergistic with beta-lactamase against enterococci. Gentamicin interferes with bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 30S and 50S ribosomal subunits. Dosing regimens are numerous and are adjusted based on creatinine clearance and changes in volume of distribution, as well as the body space into which the agent needs to distribute. Monitor gentamicin by serum levels obtained before the third or fourth dose (0.5 h before dosing); the peak level may be drawn 0.5 hour after a 30-minute infusion.

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Do men release sperm without ejaculating?

Guys can leak a bit of sperm out of the penis before ejaculation. This is called pre-ejaculate ("pre-cum"). So even if a guy pulls out before he ejaculates, a girl can still become pregnant. Unlike during an orgasm, a guy can't tell exactly when the pre-ejaculate is released.

kidshealth.org - Can You Get Pregnant From Pre-Ejaculate? (for Teens)

Can you get pregnant if the guy pulls out before he "comes"?

– Ali*

Yes. You can definitely get pregnant even if the guy pulls out before he comes. Guys can leak a bit of sperm out of the penis before ejaculation. This is called pre-ejaculate ("pre-cum"). So even if a guy pulls out before he ejaculates, a girl can still become pregnant. Unlike during an orgasm, a guy can't tell exactly when the pre-ejaculate is released. Pulling out isn't a reliable form of birth control. It also doesn't protect against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). So always use condoms every time you have sex, from start to finish.

*Names have been changed to protect user privacy.

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What habits can cause prostate cancer?

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What does waking up from anesthesia feel like?

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