Is blood pressure higher as you age?

As people get older, they are more likely to have elevated blood pressure. This is because blood vessels become stiffer with age, which makes blood pressure rise. Nearly half of adults in the United States have high blood pressure.

medicalnewstoday.com - Learn more about how blood pressure changes with age here

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Blood pressure is the force that circulating blood exerts on the arteries’ walls as the heart pumps blood around the body. Average blood pressure readings may vary depending on age. As people get older, they are more likely to have elevated blood pressure. This is because blood vessels become stiffer with age, which makes blood pressure rise. Nearly half of adults in the United States have high blood pressure. Having blood pressure that is too high or low may increase a person’s chances of severe health conditions, including stroke, heart attack, heart failure, and kidney disease. The only way for a person to know whether their blood pressure is within a normal range is to take a blood pressure reading. A doctor can then treat abnormal blood pressure to prevent complications. In this article, we will examine average blood pressure by age. We will also look at the causes of high and low blood pressure and potential treatments. What is blood pressure? Share on Pinterest Ales-A/Getty Images Blood pressure is the force of blood flowing through a person’s blood vessels. Doctors calculate a person’s blood pressure using two measurements known as systolic and diastolic. Systolic blood pressure is the highest level of force at which the heart pumps blood around the body. Diastolic blood pressure is the resistance to the blood flow in the blood vessels. Blood pressure is written with systolic blood pressure first and then diastolic blood pressure, for example, 120/80 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). If either measurement is too high, it could mean a person has high blood pressure. If they are too low, it could suggest low blood pressure. The cut-off point for diagnosing high blood pressure does not change with age. If a person needs to know whether their child’s blood pressure is within the normal range, they should ask a doctor for guidance. Average blood pressure ranges Share on Pinterest design by Diego Sabogal The American Heart Association (AHA) recognizes five blood pressure ranges, including: Blood pressure range Systolic (mm Hg) Diastolic (mm Hg) Normal Less than 120 and Less than 80 Elevated 120–129 and Less than 80 Hypertension stage 1 130–139 or 80–89 Hypertension stage 2 140 or higher or 90 or higher Hypertension crisis Higher than 180 or Higher than 120 A person can also have low blood pressure, usually a reading of less than 90/60 mm Hg. Low blood pressure is not generally as much of a problem as high blood pressure. However, consistently low blood pressure could signal a medical condition. Sex differences in blood pressure and aging A 2020 analysis suggests females experience changes in blood pressure earlier than males. The researchers also note that cardiovascular disease presents differently rather than later in females.

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High blood pressure High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, does not usually have noticeable symptoms, so the only way for a person to determine whether their blood pressure is within range is to do a blood pressure check. Long-term high blood pressure can increase the risk of several severe and potentially life threatening health conditions, including: heart disease

heart attack

stroke

heart failure

peripheral arterial disease

aortic aneurysm

kidney disease

vascular dementia Risk factors for high blood pressure include a person’s lifestyle, existing health conditions, and family medical history. Some medications can also increase blood pressure. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), around 6 in 10 people with diabetes also have high blood pressure. Doctors can usually only identify the cause of high blood pressure in a small number of people. They focus on steps to lower blood pressure to within normal limits if they cannot pinpoint the cause. Low blood pressure Low blood pressure, also called hypotension, is not usually as serious as high blood pressure but can still cause a person to experience unwanted symptoms. Symptoms of low blood pressure may include: lightheadedness or dizziness

nausea

blurred vision

dehydration or unusual thirst

generally feeling weak

cold, clammy, pale skin

confusion

fainting Causes of low blood pressure could include some medications, being pregnant, and having diabetes. Low blood pressure may also run in families. A significant decrease in blood volume, such as from an injury, can cause low blood pressure, or it may have a link to heart problems or endocrine issues. Treatment Treatment depends on whether a person has high or low blood pressure. For low blood pressure, a person may require a change in medication or dosage. Alternatively, a person may resolve low blood pressure by wearing compression stockings to improve circulation and increase blood pressure. There are many options for treating high blood pressure, including lifestyle changes and medications. Lifestyle changes that may help reduce high blood include: eating a healthful diet

decreasing salt intake

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limiting alcohol

losing excess weight

exercising regularly

cutting down on caffeine

quitting smoking There are a variety of medications a doctor may recommend to manage high blood pressure, including: diuretics

beta-blockers

ACE inhibitors

angiotensin II receptor blockers

calcium channel blockers

alpha-blockers

alpha-2 receptor agonists

combined alpha- and beta-blockers

central agonists

peripheral adrenergic inhibitors

vasodilators

How to check blood pressure at home People can purchase a digital monitor to keep an eye on their blood pressure at home. They are easily portable, so a person can take them out with them if necessary and test their blood pressure at any time. An arm blood pressure monitor is generally more accurate than a wrist blood pressure machine. Taking multiple sets of measurements a few minutes apart ensures the readings are similar and accurate. A person should ask a doctor to test their blood pressure every 2 years beginning at age 18. People older than age 40 or younger but with an elevated risk of high blood pressure should ask their doctor for a blood pressure test annually. If a person has abnormal blood pressure, they may need to check their blood pressure more often. Isolated incidences of low blood pressure are not a cause for concern, but a person should seek medical advice if other symptoms accompany it. A person should record their symptoms, activities, and when they occur to assist with diagnosis. It is important that a person seek medical advice if they think they may have high blood pressure, or know that they do and do not have it under control. Healthcare professionals can help people put together a plan of action to lower their blood pressure and decrease the risk of long-term complications.

medicalnewstoday.com - Learn more about how blood pressure changes with age here

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