How quickly does advanced prostate progress?

In many cases, prostate cancer is relatively slow-growing, which means that it can take years to become large enough to be detectable, and even longer to metastasize outside the prostate. However, some cases are more aggressive and need more urgent treatment.

pcf.org - How Prostate Cancer Grows

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The prostate (not prostrate) uses male hormones called androgens, such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), to trigger and maintain male sex characteristics and reproduction. Normally, the process of producing male hormones and using them to guide and maintain male gender characteristics and sexual function happens smoothly.

Learn more about healthy prostate gland function.

How Prostate Cancer Develops

However, sometimes something goes wrong within prostate cells, and cancer develops.

In general, cancer is a condition in which a normal cell becomes abnormal and starts to grow and/or reproduce uncontrollably without having the signals or “brakes” that stop typical cell growth. Prostate cancer occurs when a normal prostate cell begins to grow out of control. In many cases, prostate cancer is a slow-growing cancer that does not spread beyond the prostate gland before the time of diagnosis. Once prostate cancer forms, it feeds on androgens and uses them as fuel for growth. This is why one of the backbones of treatment for men, especially with advanced prostate cancer, is to lower a man’s androgen levels with drugs collectively termed “hormone therapy.” Not all prostate cancer cells are alike. Prostate cancers that are composed of very abnormal cells are much more likely to both divide quickly and spread, or metastasize, from the prostate to other regions of the body. Often, prostate cancer spreads first to tissues that are near the prostate, including the seminal vesicles and nearby lymph nodes. Researchers have identified various biological and genetic subtypes of prostate cancer. Although these subtypes are typically not yet used to guide treatment recommendations, they are the subject of active research funded by the Prostate Cancer Foundation. Help support PCF’s research into causes and treatments of prostate cancer: Donate Today! In many cases, prostate cancer is relatively slow-growing, which means that it can take years to become large enough to be detectable, and even longer to metastasize outside the prostate. However, some cases are more aggressive and need more urgent treatment. When a man is diagnosed with prostate cancer, his treatment team will evaluate his cancer and his overall health to custom-design a treatment path that will give him the greatest chance of beating the cancer. Treatment can range from a wait-and-watch approach to a very aggressive medical and surgical plan.

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What is cranberry pills good for?

Cranberry is best known for preventing urinary tract infections (UTIs), commonly caused by bacteria known as Escherichia coli (E. coli). At first doctors thought cranberry worked by making urine acidic enough to kill the bacteria.

mountsinai.org - Cranberry Information | Mount Sinai - New York

Urinary tract infections

Several studies indicate that cranberry helps prevent UTIs of the bladder and urethra (the tube that drains urine from the bladder), especially for women who have frequent UTIs. In one study of older women, cranberry juice reduced the amount of bacteria in the bladder compared to placebo. Another study showed that younger women with a history of frequent UTIs who took cranberry capsules had fewer UTIs compared to those who took placebo. However, studies suggest that cranberry does not work once you have a UTI. That is because it helps keep bacteria from attaching to the urinary tract. But it is less effective once the bacteria have already attached. That is why cranberry is better at preventing UTIs than treating them. UTIs should be treated with conventional antibiotics.

Ulcers

Two studies showed that cranberry may also prevent the bacteria Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) from attaching to stomach walls. H. pylori can cause stomach ulcers. So cranberries may play a role in preventing stomach ulcers. More research is needed to be sure cranberry helps.

Other uses

Scientists are still studying cranberry for the following conditions. More research is needed. Cancer: Some test tube and animal studies suggest cranberry may help stop cancer cells from growing. High cholesterol: One preliminary study found that drinking cranberry juice raised HDL (good) cholesterol levels. Viruses: Cranberry seems to fight some viruses in test tubes. Studies in people are needed. Bacterial illnesses: Cranberry has been shown to inhibit common forms of bacteria, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Listeria monocytogenes.

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