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How long can lymphoma go undetected?

Low-Grade Lymphoma These grow so slowly that patients can live for many years mostly without symptoms, although some may experience pain from an enlarged lymph gland. After five to 10 years, low-grade disorders begin to progress rapidly to become aggressive or high-grade and produce more severe symptoms.

cedars-sinai.org - Lymphoma | Cedars-Sinai

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Overview

Lymphoma is a group of blood cell tumors that begin in cells of the body's immune system. In the United States, about 79,990* new cases of lymphoma are diagnosed every year. In lymphoma, cancer cells are found in the lymphatic system, which is comprised of the bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, stomach, intestines and skin. Because lymph tissues are present in many parts of the body, lymphoma can start almost anywhere. Normal lymph nodes are tiny, beanlike structures that trap cells containing poisons and waste materials. They also serve as a reservoir of cells that supply microorganism-fighting antibodies. Tubelike vessels carrying milk-colored fluid called lymph connect lymph nodes to each other. Lymph allows white blood cells (lymphocytes) to circulate. When white blood cells multiply abnormally, they cause masses to form and lymph nodes become enlarged. Some lymphomas may affect the bone marrow and interfere with its making of blood cells. The result is anemia, or low red blood cell count.

*American Cancer Society, Cancer Facts & Figures 2014

Lymphomas are graded as low, intermediate and high depending on the kind of lymphoma cells present and how they affect lymph nodes and chromosomes. Some lymphomas grow faster and require specific treatment. Classifying them is complex because many kinds of lymphocyte cells can be involved. These grow so slowly that patients can live for many years mostly without symptoms, although some may experience pain from an enlarged lymph gland. After five to 10 years, low-grade disorders begin to progress rapidly to become aggressive or high-grade and produce more severe symptoms. This type progresses fairly rapidly without treatment. With treatment, remission can be induced in between 50 to 75 percent of cases. Initial treatment has been so successful that people who stay in remission for three years after diagnosis are often considered cured. Stage I disorders are treated with radiotherapy. Without treatment, these can progress rapidly regardless of stage. They are treated aggressively. With treatment, between 50 to 75 percent of patients enter remission. Those who stay in remission one year can look forward to a life free from recurrence. Treatment consists of intensive combination chemotherapy, which is sometimes supplemented with radiation therapy. Drug regimens used are determined by a number of factors, the most important being tissue study. Based on the course of disease and the kind of lymphocytes affected, lymphomas are divided into two types: Hodgkin disease and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. About 75 percent of those diagnosed with Hodgkin disease recover fully. About 90 percent of all people diagnosed with early-stage illness and more than 50 percent of those with more advanced stage are now living longer than 10 years with no signs of the disease coming back. The stage of the disease at diagnosis is critical in planning treatments. Sometimes giving the patient aggressive chemotherapy and then introducing young cells from the bone marrow (bone marrow transplantation) may increase chances of the patient living longer. A bone marrow transplant should be considered for every patient whose disease comes back after undergoing chemotherapy. In the past 10 years, this disease has become easier to treat as more procedures are found to be effective. Overall, 50 to 60 percent of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma now live five years or longer without a recurrence. While a number of factors determine the best treatment for these disorders, the most significant is tissue classification followed by determination of the disease's stage.

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Why would a mass not show up on ultrasound?

If the lump didn't show up on the U/S, then it implies that it has the same sound reflective properties as the surrounding tissue. By itself, this is somewhat reassuring but it leaves open the question of what the lump might actually be.

cancerresearchuk.org - There's a lump but scan didn't show anything??? | Cancer Chat

So after waiting 3 months for a fast track ultrasound I have finally been seen. My gp made a real mess of my referral and sent it off incorrectly Now it has completely thrown me as they could not detect the lump on the scan but yet the person scanning said it can clearly be felt. I asked if that meant I could stop worrying and he just said I advise an mri of the neck to see what’s going on. Surely if it hasn’t shown on the ultrasound it means it’s not cancer? Not sure if anyone has been in the same situation and can put my mind at ease. I’ve had/felt this lump since July and I just want answers but all I seem to get is more questions.

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