Prostate Restored
Prostate Restored
Photo: RODNAE Productions
Cystoscopy may be an embarrassing procedure for the patient. Exposure and handling of the genitalia must be performed with respect. The patient should remain exposed only as long as is necessary to complete the evaluation.
Consuming too much olive oil can result in excess calories, with each tablespoon providing 119 calories. If you are on a calorie-restricted diet,...
Read More »
Water helps the kidneys remove wastes from your blood in the form of urine. Water also helps keep your blood vessels open so that blood can travel...
Read More »Men are most easily evaluated with a flexible cystoscope (see the image below). Modern versions have superior optics and allow easy visualization of the entire bladder. Miniaturization of the instruments also allows for biopsy and fulguration through the flexible cystoscope. [6] Flexible cystoscopes such as this one impose minimal morbidity and allow excellent visualization of the urothelium. Courtesy of Olympus America Inc. View Media Gallery The latest development in cystoscopy involves advances that integrate video chip technology on the end of flexible cystoscopes, as with the Endo-EYE from Olympus America Inc, as depicted in the image below. (Olympus and Endo-EYE are registered trademarks of the Olympus Corporation, Olympus America Inc, or their affiliated entities.) Flexible cystoscopes such as this one impose minimal morbidity and allow excellent visualization of the urothelium. Courtesy of Olympus America Inc. View Media Gallery Different techniques are described, including "painting" the bladder with multiple passes in and out. The author prefers a "sweeping" technique when using fiberoptic scopes. The scope is advanced through the urethra under direct visualization, asking the patient to relax his "bottom" while passing through the external urinary sphincter. Immediately upon bladder entry, the scope is advanced to its greatest depth while using the thumb to retroflex it against the bladder dome. Irrigation is turned off to minimize bladder overdistention. This is more comfortable for the patient and minimizes the amount of mucosal surface area that must be inspected. It may be restarted if distention is inadequate or if debris or blood impairs visualization. Secondary deflection from the scope angling off the detrusor easily allows a bird's-eye view of the bladder base, which is the most common site of primary occurrences. In this position with slight left and right rotation, more than half the bladder is visible. If a lesion is identified, the scope may be advanced closer for a magnified view. The scope is then pulled back to the bladder neck and directed to view the floor by thumb control. Once the floor is fully visible, the scope is swept toward the patient's right side. Minor movement in and out at the bladder neck (taking care to not drag the scope over the bladder neck mucosa) allows complete visualization as the scope is swept 270°. When the scope reaches the 3-o'clock position (patient's left side), the surgeon's wrist cannot complete the circle, so the scope is brought back to the base of the bladder and the procedure is repeated in reverse. Any suggestive areas are inspected carefully, confirming the healthiness of the mucosa or noting any lesions that require further investigation or intervention. In contrast to the sweeping technique, which is most effective with fiberoptic scopes, the vastly superior optics of modern digital chip technology scopes allow visualization of the entire bladder in most patients by moving minimally in either direction when the tip of the scope sits just inside the bladder neck. After seeing the upper half or more of the bladder, the surgeon may advance the scope into the retroflexed position and can then easily visualize the basilar (or trigonal) half or more of the bladder. This offers more completeness of the examination and is better tolerated by the patient.
Here are 8 foods and beverages to avoid if you have arthritis. Added sugars. You should limit your sugar intake no matter what, but especially if...
Read More »
5 Arthritis Trigger Foods to Avoid Pasta. Wheat products — like pasta, bread, crackers, and bagels — may spell trouble for your joints, especially...
Read More »Bladder infections are a type of UTI, but not all urinary tract infections are bladder infections. A UTI is defined as an infection in one or more places in the urinary tract—the ureters, kidneys, urethra, and/or bladder. A bladder infection is a UTI that's only located in the bladder.
You keep running to the bathroom to pee—or setting up shop closer to the bathroom—only to produce a few drops. On top of that dissatisfying trickle, it feels like you have killer cramps and burns when you go. You guessed it – you likely have a bladder infection or a urinary tract infection (UTI). But don’t panic. UTIs are common and you can get treatment for a UTI online.
Starke offers the following tips: Improve your diet. Adopting and maintaining a healthy diet benefits your testosterone levels in two primary ways:...
Read More »
It was thought that kidney cells didn't reproduce much once the organ was fully formed, but new research shows that the kidneys are regenerating...
Read More »
2. Your ethnicity makes a difference. Caucasians tend to go gray earlier — and redheads earliest of all. Jul 27, 2018
Read More »
Many women also notice an increase in belly fat as they get older — even if they aren't gaining weight. This is likely due to a decreasing level of...
Read More »
Promotion
Promotion