Photo: Sam Lion

How do you remove calcified plaque from arteries?

How is coronary artery calcification treated? Rotational, orbital or laser atherectomy to cut plaque and calcium out of your artery. Cutting, scoring or high-pressure balloon angioplasty to push plaque with calcium against your artery walls.

my.clevelandclinic.org - Coronary Artery Calcification: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

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Overview

Calcium collecting in coronary arteries.

What is coronary artery calcification?

Coronary artery calcification is a collection of calcium in your heart’s two main arteries, also called your coronary arteries. This happens after you've had plaque (fat and cholesterol) forming in your arteries (atherosclerosis) for about five years. Coronary artery calcification is an indicator of coronary artery disease and can give your healthcare provider information to help them assess your cardiovascular risk. When plaque accumulates in your arteries, it makes it harder for blood to get through. Good blood flow is crucial in your coronary arteries because they supply oxygen-rich blood to your heart muscle. If blood can’t get through your coronary arteries, it can lead to chest pain and/or a heart attack.

Two types of coronary artery calcification

Intimal (in the intimal or inner artery layer). This type is more common in coronary arteries. (in the intimal or inner artery layer). This type is more common in coronary arteries. Medial (in the medial or middle artery layer).

Coronary artery calcification vs. atherosclerosis

The amount of calcification you have is an indicator of how bad your atherosclerosis may be. Atherosclerosis is the result of plaque collecting in your arteries, making them narrow. This makes it difficult for blood to get through your arteries.

Who does coronary artery calcification affect?

People who have coronary heart disease usually have coronary artery calcification.

In people older than 70, more than 90% of men and 67% of women have coronary artery calcification. Before menopause, estrogen protects women from developing atherosclerosis. This is why women tend to develop atherosclerosis 10 to 15 years later than men. People who are white are more likely than other races to have coronary artery calcification.

You’re more likely to get coronary artery calcification if you have:

People who were assigned male at birth also have a higher risk for coronary artery calcification.

How does coronary artery calcification affect my body?

Coronary artery calcification makes your arteries stiff and less able to expand and contract. This puts you at a higher risk for cardiovascular issues.

Coronary artery calcification causes less blood to get to your heart muscle.

Calcification makes it difficult for your healthcare provider to do percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or angioplasty. It makes it harder to expand a stent to keep your artery open.

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