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What are the symptoms of metastatic spinal tumors? Back or neck pain, often worse at night. Decreased ability to feel cold, heat and pain. Deformed spine. Difficulty with balance or walking. Bladder or bowel control problems. Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the arms, legs or chest. Paralysis.
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Read More »Overview What are metastatic spinal tumors? Metastatic spinal tumors are masses of abnormal tissue that develop in the spine or in or near the spinal cord. These tumors are also called secondary spinal tumors or spinal metastases. Tumors that begin in the spine are called primary spinal tumors. Spinal metastases form when cancer spreads to the spine from another area in the body (metastasizes). Cancer cells can reach the spine by extending from a nearby area or traveling through the bloodstream. Tumors in the spine can cause pain. They can impair your nervous system function if they grow large enough to press on surrounding nerves and tissue. How common are metastatic spinal tumors? Some 30% to 70% of people with cancer develop a metastatic spinal tumor during their lifetime. What are the types of metastatic spinal tumors? Doctors classify spinal metastases based on the section of the spine where they develop and where they form within the spine. The different regions of the spine are: Cervical: Neck area.
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Read More »A needle is used to take a sample of tissue from the tumor or changed area of bone to help determine the cause. A pathologist studies the sample to determine if it is growing or spreading and if so, how quickly. Bone scan: A doctor injects a very small amount of a radioactive substance into your vein and then uses imaging to look at your bones. Tracking the movement of the radioactive material helps detect abnormal areas in your spine. A doctor injects a very small amount of a radioactive substance into your vein and then uses imaging to look at your bones. Tracking the movement of the radioactive material helps detect abnormal areas in your spine. Imaging tests: Tests may include MRIs, CT scans and X-rays. MRIs help view your spinal cord and nerves and the surrounding spine (bony and soft tissue). CT scans also help view problems within bones. X-rays are useful for showing stability and alignment issues of the spine and growths on the spine. Your doctor may use imaging tests to look at other parts of your body to determine where the tumor started. Management and Treatment What are the treatments for metastatic spinal tumors? Treatment of metastatic cancer of the spine depends on the location, size, and type of the tumor. Treatment aims to relieve your pain, maintain or improve the function in your spine and improve the quality and length of your life. Your healthcare provider may use a combination of therapies to treat your spinal metastases. Your treatment options might include: Chemotherapy: Anti-cancer drugs destroy cancer cells in the spine and throughout the body. You may receive chemotherapy through an injection into a vein or by taking a pill. Sometimes, healthcare providers use chemotherapy before surgery to make the tumor smaller. Anti-cancer drugs destroy cancer cells in the spine and throughout the body. You may receive chemotherapy through an injection into a vein or by taking a pill. Sometimes, healthcare providers use chemotherapy before surgery to make the tumor smaller. Radiation therapy: High doses of X-rays destroy tumor cells or shrink the tumor. Shrinking the tumor can make it small enough to reduce or eliminate pain or other symptoms. High doses of X-rays destroy tumor cells or shrink the tumor. Shrinking the tumor can make it small enough to reduce or eliminate pain or other symptoms. Stereotactic radiosurgery: This is a non-surgical, non-invasive procedure that delivers precise narrow beams of radiation to a tumor while keeping exposure to nearby tissue to a minimum. This is a non-surgical, non-invasive procedure that delivers precise narrow beams of radiation to a tumor while keeping exposure to nearby tissue to a minimum. Surgery: Surgeons remove the tumor to relieve pain and other symptoms. Surgery is also considered to preserve your neurologic function (bladder and bowel function, ability to walk, reduce numbness/tingling) and stabilize your spine. Your surgeon may suggest traditional open surgery, or you might have a minimally invasive procedure. Your surgeon may perform vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty — a procedure in which bone cement is injected into your spine after removing the tumor. These procedures provide support and stability to the spine, improve mobility and relieve pain. Surgeons remove the tumor to relieve pain and other symptoms. Surgery is also considered to preserve your neurologic function (bladder and bowel function, ability to walk, reduce numbness/tingling) and stabilize your spine. Your surgeon may suggest traditional open surgery, or you might have a minimally invasive procedure. Your surgeon may perform vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty — a procedure in which bone cement is injected into your spine after removing the tumor. These procedures provide support and stability to the spine, improve mobility and relieve pain. Active surveillance: Your healthcare provider closely monitors your cancer for signs of growth and spread with regular imaging tests but does not take other action. What are the complications associated with metastatic spinal tumors? Some metastatic spinal tumors grow large enough to cause spinal cord compression (the tumor presses on the spinal cord). Spinal cord compression can cause numbness and weakness in your arms and legs. It can also impair body functions including bladder and bowel control. In severe cases, spinal cord compression can cause paralysis. In some cases, a spinal tumor weakens the bone so much that it fractures (breaks). Other complications of metastatic spinal tumors may include difficulty with balance or walking, and a decreased ability to feel cold, heat and pain.
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Read More »Prevention How can you prevent metastatic spinal tumors? You cannot prevent a metastatic spinal tumor. You can reduce your risk of metastases by keeping all of your follow-up appointments and getting prompt treatment for any suspected cancer. Who is at risk of developing metastatic spinal tumors? Anyone with cancer is at risk of metastatic spinal tumors. People with a family history of cancer have an even higher risk. Outlook / Prognosis What should I expect if I have a diagnosis of spinal metastases? If you have cancer that has metastasized to your spine, your outcome depends on many factors including the size, type, and location of your tumor, and your health and age. Doctors and surgeons often treat metastatic spinal tumors successfully to relieve pain and improve quality and length of life. Some people live active and fulfilling lives with spinal tumors that don't grow or cause symptoms. In some cases, people with metastatic spinal tumors need to continue treatments, including chemotherapy or radiation, to keep the cancer from spreading to other parts of the body. These treatments may continue indefinitely to manage the disease. After metastatic spinal tumor treatment, you should follow up with your healthcare regularly. Your doctor can monitor you for signs of new tumor growth and treat you right away.
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