Prostate Restored
Photo: Artem Podrez
Some people never need treatment because the cancer grows slowly and doesn't spread. With treatment, most prostate cancer is highly curable. Treatment options include: Active surveillance: With this approach, you get screenings, scans and biopsies every one to three years to monitor cancer growth.
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Read More »Overview 10 Warning Signs of Prostate Cancer What is prostate cancer? Prostate cancer develops in the prostate, a small walnut-shaped gland that’s part of a man’s reproductive system. Prostate cancer is very common, affecting one out of every nine men. What is the prostate gland? The prostate gland is part of the male reproductive system. The gland makes fluid that mixes with semen during ejaculation. This fluid helps protect sperm and keeps it healthy for conception and pregnancy. Where is the prostate gland? The prostate gland sits below a man’s bladder in front of the rectum. The urethra runs through the center of the prostate gland. This tube carries urine and semen through the penis and out of the body. The seminal vesicles that make semen sit behind the prostate gland. How common is prostate cancer? About one in nine men will receive a prostate cancer diagnosis during his lifetime. Prostate cancer is second only to skin cancer as the most common cancer affecting males. Close to 200,000 American men receive a diagnosis of prostate cancer every year. There are many successful treatments — and some men don’t need treatment at all. Still, approximately 33,000 men die from the disease every year. Who might have prostate cancer? Men over the age of 55 are more prone to the disease. Your chances of developing prostate cancer increase as you age. In fact, 60% of prostate cancers occur in men over the age of 65. Other risk factors include: Ethnicity (black men have the highest risk).
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Read More »Uses the Gleason score to place you into a Grade Group ranging from one to five. A Gleason score of six puts you in Grade Group 1 (slow-growing cancer that might not require treatment). A score of nine or higher puts you in Grade Group five (aggressive, faster-growing cancer that requires immediate treatment). Samples with a higher portion of more aggressive cells receive a higher Grade Group. Management and Treatment What are the complications of prostate cancer? Some aggressive cancers quickly spread (metastasize) outside of the prostate. Prostate cancer most commonly spreads to the bones and lymph nodes. It can also develop in the liver, brain, lungs and other organs. How is prostate cancer managed or treated? Some people never need treatment because the cancer grows slowly and doesn’t spread. With treatment, most prostate cancer is highly curable. Treatment options include: Active surveillance: With this approach, you get screenings, scans and biopsies every one to three years to monitor cancer growth. Active surveillance works best if the cancer is only in the prostate, slow-growing and not causing symptoms. With this approach, you get screenings, scans and biopsies every one to three years to monitor cancer growth. Active surveillance works best if the cancer is only in the prostate, slow-growing and not causing symptoms. Watchful Waiting: Watchful waiting sounds similar to active surveillance, but is often used in older or frailer patients. Similar to active surveillance, this approach does not involve definitive treatment at diagnosis. However, the testing is much less frequent, and focuses on symptom management. Watchful waiting sounds similar to active surveillance, but is often used in older or frailer patients. Similar to active surveillance, this approach does not involve definitive treatment at diagnosis. However, the testing is much less frequent, and focuses on symptom management. Brachytherapy: A form of internal radiation therapy, brachytherapy involves placing radioactive seeds within the prostate. This approach helps preserve surrounding healthy tissue. A form of internal radiation therapy, brachytherapy involves placing radioactive seeds within the prostate. This approach helps preserve surrounding healthy tissue. External beam radiation therapy: With external beam radiation therapy, a machine delivers strong X-ray beams directly to the tumor. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy is a form of external radiation therapy that delivers powerful doses of radiation to the disease site. With external beam radiation therapy, a machine delivers strong X-ray beams directly to the tumor. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy is a form of external radiation therapy that delivers powerful doses of radiation to the disease site. Systemic therapies: Your provider may recommend systemic therapies if cancer has spread outside of the prostate gland. These therapies include chemotherapy, androgen deprivation hormone therapy and immunotherapy. Your provider may recommend systemic therapies if cancer has spread outside of the prostate gland. These therapies include chemotherapy, androgen deprivation hormone therapy and immunotherapy. Focal therapy: Focal therapy is a newer form of treatment focusing on treating only the area of the prostate affected by cancer. You may be able to try this treatment if cancer hasn’t spread. Focal therapy options include high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), cryotherapy, laser ablation and photodynamic therapy. Focal therapy is a newer form of treatment focusing on treating only the area of the prostate affected by cancer. You may be able to try this treatment if cancer hasn’t spread. Focal therapy options include high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), cryotherapy, laser ablation and photodynamic therapy. Prostatectomy: This surgical procedure removes the diseased prostate gland. Surgeons can perform laparoscopic prostatectomy and robotic radical prostatectomy through small abdominal incisions. These procedures are less invasive than an open radical prostatectomy, which requires a larger abdominal incision, although both are effective in cancer removal. What are prostate cancer treatment side effects? Some prostate cancer treatments can affect the bladder, erectile nerves and sphincter muscle, which controls urination. Potential problems include: Incontinence: Some men experience urinary incontinence. You may leak urine when you cough or laugh, or you may feel an urgent need to use the bathroom even when your bladder isn’t full. This problem can improve over the first six to 12 months without treatment. Some men experience urinary incontinence. You may leak urine when you cough or laugh, or you may feel an urgent need to use the bathroom even when your bladder isn’t full. This problem can improve over the first six to 12 months without treatment. Erectile dysfunction (ED): Surgery, radiation and other treatments can damage the erectile nerves and affect your ability to get or maintain an erection. Some men regain erectile function within a year or two (sometimes sooner). In the meantime, medications like sildenafil (Viagra®) or tadalafil (Cialis) can help by increasing blood flow to the penis.
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Learn More »Surgery, radiation and other treatments can damage the erectile nerves and affect your ability to get or maintain an erection. Some men regain erectile function within a year or two (sometimes sooner). In the meantime, medications like sildenafil (Viagra®) or tadalafil (Cialis) can help by increasing blood flow to the penis. Infertility: Treatments can affect your ability to produce or ejaculate sperm, resulting in male infertility. If you think you might want children in the future, you can preserve sperm in a sperm bank before you start treatments. After treatments, you may undergo sperm extraction. This procedure involves removing sperm directly from testicular tissue and implanting it into a woman’s uterus. Prevention How can I prevent prostate cancer? Most men develop prostate cancer as they get older for no known reason. Prevention isn’t possible. But, if you have certain prostate cancer risk factors, taking these steps may help minimize your risk and catch disease early: Get regular prostate screenings.
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