Photo: Anete Lusina

Can male infertility be cured?

The good news is that infertility often is treatable. Male infertility should not be confused with erectile dysfunction, which is the inability to get or keep an erection long enough for sex and tends to be easily treated.

uabmedicine.org - Male Infertility: Treatable, and More Common Than You Might Think

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Common Causes

Physical problems with the testicles (the organs that produce sperm)

Blockages in the ducts that carry sperm

Hormone problems, including testosterone replacement therapy

A history of high fevers or mumps

Genetic disorders, usually unique to the individual man rather than being inherited

Certain medical conditions and treatments, including cystic fibrosis, cancer, and chemotherapy

Lifestyle factors such as alcohol/drug use and smoking

Environmental factors, such as exposure to certain toxins

The medical community defines infertility as the inability of a man and a woman to conceive a child after one year of unprotected intercourse.Infertility can be caused by certain medical conditions and lifestyle habits on the part of the woman, the man, or both. According to the National Institutes of Health, infertility is attributable to the man in about one-third of cases and to the woman in about the same number of instances. Sometimes no cause can be found. The good news is that infertility often is treatable.Male infertility should not be confused with erectile dysfunction, which is the inability to get or keep an erection long enough for sex and tends to be easily treated.Although a man’s age can affect fertility – the quality of sperm may diminish after age 40 – this varies widely depending on the individual and is much less of a factor than with women. A woman’s ability to conceive and carry a child declines continuously and falls faster after age 35.“A man’s fertility doesn’t change that much with age,” says UAB Medicine urologist and fertility specialist Peter Kolettis, MD. “Still, for men who are trying to conceive with a partner, I recommend that they exercise and lead a healthy lifestyle. They should limit alcohol and not smoke. Anything that’s good for your health could help fertility.”When the issue is on the male side, it’s often a problem with sperm production or function. An estimated 1-2 percent of all men have no sperm in their semen, or about 15 percent of men actively trying to conceive.The most common causes of male infertility include:Dr. Kolettis says evaluating infertility begins with medical examinations of both partners. If specific issues are found, they frequently can be treated with surgery or medication. Sometimes, lifestyle changes can improve fertility. For those who do not have a condition that can be treated, procedures such as intrauterine insemination or in vitro fertilization may be used to help a couple get pregnant.At UAB Medicine, infertility is treated with a team approach that includes a urologist, reproductive endocrinologists, specialized nurses, and laboratory scientists. A variety of conventional treatments are available, along with in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). ICSI and IVF are similar in that eggs and sperm are collected from each partner, but the fertilization processes are different. Our fertility experts will determine a treatment plan that is best suited for each individual man.To make an appointment with UAB Medicine Urology Services for a male infertility evaluation, call 205-996-8765.

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How do I know if I am fertile enough to get pregnant?

If your menstrual cycle lasts 28 days and your period arrives like clockwork, it's likely that you'll ovulate on day 14. That's halfway through your cycle. Your fertile window begins on day 10. You're more likely to get pregnant if you have sex at least every other day between days 10 and 14 of a 28-day cycle.

webmd.com - Am I Ovulating? Physical Signs That You Are Fertile - WebMD

To boost your chances of getting pregnant, it helps to know when you're ovulating. Then you'll know when you and your partner should be having sex. Ovulation happens halfway through your cycle. Every woman’s cycle is different, so you have to pay attention to the signs. There are many ways you can tell if the time is right. What Are Ovulation Symptoms? Here are the signs you may have when your body releases an egg: Your basal or resting temperature falls slightly, then rises again. You can use a special thermometer to check your temperature every morning before you get out of bed. You’re most fertile 2 or 3 days before your temperature rises. Your cervical mucus becomes clearer and thinner with a slippery consistency, like egg whites. You may also notice: Tender breasts

Bloating

Cramps But these symptoms don’t always mean you’re ovulating.

How to Track Ovulation Symptoms Mark your calendar Take note of when your period begins and ends and know how long your cycle lasts. Doctors say it's best to have sex at least every other day, especially during the 5 days before you ovulate. They call this your "fertile window." Your egg only lives for about 12 to 24 hours. But sperm can survive for a few days inside your body, so it's ideal to have them already there waiting for your egg.

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