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Can a doctor miss a tumor on an MRI?

In about 70% of such misses, cancer was evident on prior CT or MRI and the physician overlooked it, while the other 30% were the result of misinterpretation.

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Physicians missed an opportunity to diagnose head and neck cancer on an earlier imaging exam in about 4% of cases, according to a new analysis published Tuesday. The sixth most common malignancy worldwide, about 450,000 individuals die from this form of the disease each year. Early detection is crucial to improving outcomes, and patients often undergo head and neck imaging for various nonspecific symptoms, presenting opportunity for intervention, experts wrote in the Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal. Wanting to better understand this challenge, researchers retrospectively reviewed cases from a regional head and neck cancer database, spanning five years. All told, 46 patients out of nearly 1,200 in the sample were diagnosed with cancer when the disease could have been caught on earlier scans, with a median delay to diagnosis of 153 days. In about 70% of such misses, cancer was evident on prior CT or MRI and the physician overlooked it, while the other 30% were the result of misinterpretation. “Unfortunately, perceptual errors plague both experienced and novice readers and can be due to a variety of factors such as high work volumes, reader fatigue, and workplace distractions,” Fangshi Lu, MD, and John Lysack, MD, both with the University of Calgary’s Department of Radiology, wrote Feb. 15. “General awareness of commonly missed cancer locations may help influence radiologists to perform a secondary review of possible blind spots.” On plain CT scans of the head, many of the missed tumors in the study were in the nasopharynx or salivary glands. Both are in the peripheral field of view, the authors noted, and likely not scrutinized as thoroughly as the brain parenchyma. Provided patient histories correctly indicated a concern for malignancy but were dismissed by docs in 37% of cases. Meanwhile, misleading histories suggesting infection or inflammation were present in 28% of the 46 instances. Lu and Lysack noted that interpretative errors can often stem from cognitive biases arising from the patient’s care history. “We found this to be a particular problem for CT sinus studies, where a history of chronic sinusitis was provided, and a tumor was misinterpreted as a benign inflammatory polyp in the majority of cases,” the authors advised. “In these cases, there was clear evidence of osseous destruction or invasion of adjacent structures, which should raise the alarm for more aggressive pathologies.”

Read the full research letter in CARJ here.

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What organs can be seen on an abdominal CT scan?

An abdominal CT scan uses a special X-ray machine to take pictures of the liver, spleen, kidneys, bladder, stomach, intestines, pancreas, and adrenal glands, blood vessels, and lymph nodes . A person getting a CT scan lies on a table.

What Are CT (CAT) Scans?

A computed tomography scan (CT scan), also called computed axial tomography scan (CAT scan), is a type of imaging test. It uses computers and a rotating X-ray machine to take cross-sectional pictures of the body. CT scans give doctors more detailed images than X-rays can provide. Unlike X-rays, they can show organs, soft tissues, and blood vessels in addition to bones. CT scans are painless. A CT scan involves more exposure to radiation than a regular X-ray does, but the risk is small.

What Is an Abdominal CT Scan?

An abdominal CT scan uses a special X-ray machine to take pictures of the liver, spleen, kidneys, bladder, stomach, intestines, pancreas, and adrenal glands, blood vessels, and

lymph nodes

A person getting a CT scan lies on a table. A pillow and straps hold them in place to prevent movement that would result in a blurry image. The donut-shaped machine circles the body, taking pictures to provide cross-sections of the abdomen from various angles. These pictures are sent to a computer that records the images. It also can put them together to form 3D images.

Why Are Abdominal CT Scans Done?

A doctor may order a CT scan to look for signs of inflammation, infection, injury, or disease. The results can help doctors find the cause of abdominal pain, diagnose an illness, or check the effects of an injury.

What if I Have Questions?

If you have questions about the abdominal CT scan or what the test results mean, talk to your doctor.

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